Zechariah in the early church
[Vulgate: Zacharias]
Every passage that quotes, alludes to, or echoes Zechariah, in verse order; passages on the same verse are in date order. References use the Protestant English Bible's numbering, with a writer's own numbering in brackets where it differs.
| Verse | Passage | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zech 1:1 | Miscellanies 1.21.122 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, high confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Zech 1:12 | To Autolycus 3.25 · Theophilus of Antioch | echo, low confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Zech 2:6 (2:10 LXX) | First Apology 52 · Justin Martyr | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 150–155 |
| Zech 2:8 (2:12 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 137.2 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 2:8 | Against Marcion 4.35 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 2:10 (2:14 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 115.1 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 2:11 (2:15 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 115.1 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 2:11 (2:15 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 119.3 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 2:12 (2:16 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 115.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 2:13 (2:17 LXX) | Dialogue with Trypho 115.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:1 | Dialogue with Trypho 103.5 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:1 | Dialogue with Trypho 115.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:1 | Dialogue with Trypho 79.4 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:1 | Against Marcion 3.7 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 3:2 | Dialogue with Trypho 115.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:2 | Dialogue with Trypho 116.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:2 | Dialogue with Trypho 116.2 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:2 | Dialogue with Trypho 79.4 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:2 | Exhortation to the Greeks 10.90 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Zech 3:3 | Dialogue with Trypho 116.3 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:3 | Against Marcion 3.7 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 3:4 | Dialogue with Trypho 116.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 3:4 | Dialogue with Trypho 116.2 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 4:3 | Against Marcion 4.22 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 4:10 | Miscellanies 5.6.35 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Zech 4:14 | Against Marcion 4.22 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 5:7–8 | Against Celsus 6.26 · Origen | allusion, high confidence | ca. 248 |
| Zech 6:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 100.4 · Justin Martyr | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 6:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 106.4 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 6:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 121.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 6:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 126.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 6:14 | Against Marcion 4.39 · Tertullian | quotation, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 7:9 | To Autolycus 3.12 · Theophilus of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Zech 7:10 | To Autolycus 3.12 · Theophilus of Antioch | quotation, high confidence | ca. 180–185 |
| Zech 7:10 | Against Marcion 4.16 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 7:10 | Against Marcion 4.35 · Tertullian | quotation, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 7:10 | Against Marcion 5.14 · Tertullian | quotation, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 7:10 | On Prayer 9.3 · Origen | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Zech 8:16 | Against Marcion 4.29 · Tertullian | quotation, medium confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 8:16 | Against Marcion 5.18 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 8:17 | Epistle of Barnabas 2.8 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Zech 8:17 | The Instructor 3.12.91 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Zech 8:17 | The Instructor 3.12.92 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Zech 8:17 | Against Marcion 4.16 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 8:17 | On Prayer 9.3 · Origen | allusion, low confidence | ca. 233–234 |
| Zech 9:9 | First Apology 35 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 150–155 |
| Zech 9:9 | Dialogue with Trypho 53.3 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 9:9 | Dialogue with Trypho 88.6 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 9:9 | The Instructor 1.5.15 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, high confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Zech 9:9 | Exhortation to the Greeks 12.121 · Clement of Alexandria | allusion, medium confidence | ca. 190–200 |
| Zech 9:9 | Miscellanies 5.14.137 · Clement of Alexandria | echo, low confidence | ca. 198–203 |
| Zech 9:15–16 | Against Marcion 4.39 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 11:12–13 | Against Marcion 4.40 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 12:10 | Epistle of Barnabas 7.9 · Anonymous | echo, medium confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Zech 12:10 | First Apology 52 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 150–155 |
| Zech 12:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 118.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 14.8 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 32.2 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:10 | Dialogue with Trypho 64.7 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:10 | Excerpts from Theodotus 62.2 · Clement of Alexandria | quotation, medium confidence | ca. 200 |
| Zech 12:10 | Against Marcion 3.7 · Tertullian | allusion, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 12:12 | First Apology 52 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 150–155 |
| Zech 12:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 118.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 121.2 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 126.1 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 12:12 | Dialogue with Trypho 32.2 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 13:7 | Epistle of Barnabas 5.12 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 70–135 (often ca. 130) |
| Zech 13:7 | Dialogue with Trypho 53.5 · Justin Martyr | allusion, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 13:7 | Dialogue with Trypho 53.6 · Justin Martyr | quotation, high confidence | ca. 155–160 |
| Zech 14:4 | Against Marcion 4.39 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |
| Zech 14:5 | Didache 16.7 · Anonymous | quotation, high confidence | ca. 50–150 (often ca. 100) |
| Zech 14:14 | Against Marcion 3.13 · Tertullian | quotation, high confidence | 207/208 (third edition, completed later) |